Homogeneous Catalysts Catalyze Elementary Reactions

In the homogeneous catalytic reaction with the transition metal complex as the active center, the catalytically active intermediate complex can be separated into crystals, and X-ray analysis can be used to analyze the environment around the active center and the action of the reaction bottom in detail. Understand and use it to make a more accurate description of the reaction mechanism. Through a thorough study of some reaction mechanisms, it can be concluded that the elementary reaction steps of homogeneous complexation catalysis are all carried out on the metal-centered complex sphere, and the reaction process constitutes a catalytic cycle. The performance of the catalyst is easy to Modification and improvement by ligand modulation. Therefore, compared with heterogeneous catalysis, homogeneous catalysis has some advantages of its own: single reaction performance and specific selectivity; mild reaction conditions, which is conducive to energy saving; grasp. Therefore, the catalysis science community generally agrees that the 5-year research income of the homogeneous catalysis system is even more than that of the multi-phase catalysis system. The main disadvantage of homogeneous catalysis is poor stability and difficult separation from products. One of the main directions of research and development is to immobilize homogeneous catalysts. The carriers used for immobilization include organic polymers such as PS, PVC, and ion exchange resins, and inorganic polymers such as Al2O3, SiO2, TiO2, and molecular sieves. . The immobilization method is to anchor the active component metal atoms on these ionomers.